Around 90% of the burden was in low-and middle-income countries and it was estimated that 75% of cases could be prevented or cured. In 2010 approximately 39 million people worldwide were blind and 285 million were visually impaired. We recommend that all VISION 2020 process indicators are evaluated simultaneously as these are not individually useful for monitoring progress. Shortage and maldistribution of human resources, lack of routine monitoring and inadequate financing mechanisms are the root causes of underperformance in the Zambian eye health system, which hinder the ability to achieve the VISION 2020 goals. Inequalities in service provision between urban and rural areas were substantial. VISION 2020 targets for inpatient beds and surgical theatres were met in six out of nine provinces, but human resources and spectacles manufacturing workshops were below target in every province. ![]() A total of 191 people worked in eye care 18 of these were ophthalmologists and eight cataract surgeons, equivalent to 0.34 and 0.15 per 250,000 population, respectively. Private facilities were solely located in major cities. ![]() ResultsÄuring 2011, 74 facilities provided eye care in Zambia 39% were public, 37% private for-profit and 24% owned by Non-Governmental Organizations. A health system dynamics framework was used to analyse findings. Key informants were interviewed regarding levels of service provision, management and leadership in the sector. MethodsĪll eye health care providers were surveyed to determine location, financing sources, human resources and equipment. The objective of this study was to undertake a situation analysis of the Zambian eye health system and assess VISION 2020 process indicators on human resources, equipment and infrastructure. VISION 2020 is a global initiative launched in 1999 to eliminate avoidable blindness by 2020.
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